Barcelona have drawn Juventus in the Women's Champions League round of 32, while reigning champions Lyon play Russian side Ryazan-VDV.
Manchester City take on Lugano, Paris Saint-Germain are up against Braga, and Arsenal face Serie A runners-up Fiorentina.
Barcelona face a tough side in Juventus, who boast talented stars such as Italy captain Sara Gama and former England attacker Eniola Aluko.
Lyon beat Barca 4-1 in the final in May, having now won the title four times in a row and six times overall.
La Liga rivals Atletico and Barca set a new world record for a women's club match in March when their top of the table clash drew 60,739 people to the Wanda Metropolitano stadium.
Bayern Munich, who reached the semifinals last season, will go up against Swedish side Goteborg, with Wolfsburg set to face Mitrovica.
Glasgow City take on Russian side Chertanovo, while last season's Scottish Women's Premier League runners-up Hibernian will face Slavia Prague.
Last season's other semifinalists Chelsea did not qualify having finished five points behind Manchester City in the Women's Super League.