Heather Rabbatts has resigned from FIFA's anti-discrimination task force following the re-election of Sepp Blatter as president.
Rabbatts, one of the Football Association's two independent directors, said it was "unacceptable" that so little had been done to reform world football's governing body.
She said the latest corruption crisis, in which seven FIFA officials were arrested late last month, was "disastrous" for FIFA's reputation.
The resignation of Rabbatts comes after FA vice-chairman David Gill rejected his place on the executive committee in protest at Blatter's re-election.
Rabbatts had been a member of the anti-discrimination task force chaired by Jeffrey Webb, the FIFA vice-president from the Cayman Islands who was one of the seven officials arrested in Zurich last week.
In a statement published on the FA website, she said: "This has not been an easy decision as I believe the challenges facing FIFA on the issue of racism and discrimination are very significant, particularly in relation to the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia, and whilst FIFA has not taken these issues seriously in the past, progress has recently been made."
She said her "commitment to challenging discrimination across the game remains undiminished, and I will continue to work with The FA and other international partners on this fundamental issue in our game."
In her resignation letter to secretary general Jerome Valcke, which was seen by Press Association Sport, Rabbatts wrote: "I am withdrawing with immediate effect from the FIFA task force against racism and discrimination.
#INSERT type:image caption:Rabbatts has called the lack of reform at FIFA 'unacceptable.' END#
"My willingness to play a part in the development of policies in this area is outweighed by the disastrous effect on FIFA's reputation of recent events.
"Like many in the game I find it unacceptable that so little has been done to reform FIFA.
"It is clear from the re-election of President Blatter that the challenges facing FIFA and the ongoing damage to the reputation of football's world governing body are bound to continue to overshadow and undermine the credibility of any work in the anti-discrimination arena and beyond."
